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C++二叉树:头文件编写
2023-07-13 12:31:19 深夜i     --     --
C++ 二叉树 头文件编写

在C++中,二叉树是一种常用的数据结构。它通过节点和指针进行定义,每个节点最多有两个子节点,并且每个节点都可以有一些关联的数据。在本文中,我们将介绍如何编写一个二叉树的头文件,方便我们在程序中使用二叉树。

首先,我们需要定义一个节点类。该类应该包含一个左子节点和一个右子节点,并且应该包含存储节点关联数据的属性。以下是一个示例:


class BinaryTreeNode {

public:

  int data;

  BinaryTreeNode* left;

  BinaryTreeNode* right;

};

接下来,我们需要定义一个二叉树类。该类应该包含一个指向根节点的指针,并且应该具有插入、删除和查找节点的方法。以下是一个示例:


class BinaryTree {

public:

  BinaryTreeNode* root;

  // 插入节点

  void insert(int data);

  // 删除节点

  void remove(int data);

  // 查找节点

  bool find(int data);

};

最后,我们需要定义插入、删除和查找方法的实现。以下是一个示例:


void BinaryTree::insert(int data) {

  BinaryTreeNode* newNode = new BinaryTreeNode();

  newNode->data = data;

  newNode->left = NULL;

  newNode->right = NULL;

  if (root == NULL)

    root = newNode;

    return;

  

  BinaryTreeNode* current = root;

  while (true) {

    if (data < current->data) {

      if (current->left == NULL)

        current->left = newNode;

        return;

      

      current = current->left;

    }

    else {

      if (current->right == NULL)

        current->right = newNode;

        return;

      

      current = current->right;

    }

  }

}

void BinaryTree::remove(int data) {

  BinaryTreeNode* parent = NULL;

  BinaryTreeNode* current = root;

  bool isLeftChild = false;

  if (current == NULL)

    return;

  

  while (current->data != data) {

    parent = current;

    if (data < current->data)

      isLeftChild = true;

      current = current->left;

    

    else

      isLeftChild = false;

      current = current->right;

    

    if (current == NULL)

      return;

    

  }

  if (current->left == NULL && current->right == NULL) {

    if (current == root)

      root = NULL;

    

    else if (isLeftChild)

      parent->left = NULL;

    

    else

      parent->right = NULL;

    

    delete current;

  }

  else if (current->right == NULL) {

    if (current == root)

      root = current->left;

    

    else if (isLeftChild)

      parent->left = current->left;

    

    else

      parent->right = current->left;

    

    delete current;

  }

  else if (current->left == NULL) {

    if (current == root)

      root = current->right;

    

    else if (isLeftChild)

      parent->left = current->right;

    

    else

      parent->right = current->right;

    

    delete current;

  }

  else {

    BinaryTreeNode* successor = getSuccessor(current);

    if (current == root)

      root = successor;

    

    else if (isLeftChild)

      parent->left = successor;

    

    else

      parent->right = successor;

    

    successor->left = current->left;

    delete current;

  }

}

BinaryTreeNode* BinaryTree::getSuccessor(BinaryTreeNode* deleleNode) {

  BinaryTreeNode* successsor = NULL;

  BinaryTreeNode* successsorParent = NULL;

  BinaryTreeNode* current = deleleNode->right;

  while (current != NULL)

    successsorParent = successsor;

    successsor = current;

    current = current->left;

  

  if (successsor != deleleNode->right)

    successsorParent->left = successsor->right;

    successsor->right = deleleNode->right;

  

  return successsor;

}

bool BinaryTree::find(int data) {

  BinaryTreeNode* current = root;

  while (current != NULL) {

    if (current->data == data)

      return true;

    

    else if (data < current->data)

      current = current->left;

    

    else

      current = current->right;

    

  }

  return false;

}

在本文中,我们了解了如何编写一个C++二叉树的头文件,包括节点和二叉树类的定义以及插入、删除和查找方法的实现。通过使用这个头文件,我们可以轻松地在程序中使用二叉树来管理数据。

  
  

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