Java实践：打砖块小游戏 |21xrx.com

Java实践：打砖块小游戏

2023-06-15 14:39:43 深夜i -- --

Java 游戏开发打砖块

Java一直被人们认为是一门适用于企业级开发的语言，但事实上，Java也可以用来开发游戏。本篇文章将为大家介绍如何用Java实现一个简单的打砖块小游戏。

代码实现

我们首先需要用Java编写游戏的界面和逻辑。下面是游戏的主类代码：


public class BrickBreaker extends JFrame implements KeyListener {
  private final int WIDTH = 660, HEIGHT = 500;
  private BrickPanel panel;
  public BrickBreaker() {
    setTitle("Brick Breaker");
    setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    setResizable(false);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    panel = new BrickPanel();
    add(panel);
    addKeyListener(this);
    setVisible(true);
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new BrickBreaker();
  }
  @Override
  public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
    panel.keyPressed(e.getKeyCode());
  }
  @Override
  public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    panel.keyReleased(e.getKeyCode());
  }
  @Override
  public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { }
}

这个类继承了JFrame类，并实现了KeyListener接口。它包含一个BrickPanel实例，BrickPanel是游戏的画布，我们稍后会讲到它的实现。

接下来是BrickPanel类的代码：


public class BrickPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
  private final int TIMER_DELAY = 10;
  private Timer timer;
  private Paddle paddle;
  private Ball ball;
  private ArrayList
  bricks;
 
  private int score, lives;
  public BrickPanel() {
    setBackground(Color.BLACK);
    paddle = new Paddle();
    ball = new Ball(paddle);
    bricks = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int row = 0; row < 5; row++) {
      for (int col = 0; col < 14; col++) {
        bricks.add(new Brick(col * 45 + 30, row * 25 + 50));
      }
    }
    timer = new Timer(TIMER_DELAY, this);
    timer.start();
  }
  public void keyPressed(int keyCode) {
    paddle.keyPressed(keyCode);
  }
  public void keyReleased(int keyCode) {
    paddle.keyReleased(keyCode);
  }
  @Override
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    ball.move();
    paddle.move();
    checkCollisions();
    repaint();
  }
  @Override
  public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
    super.paintComponent(g);
    Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;
    g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    paddle.draw(g2);
    ball.draw(g2);
    for (Brick brick : bricks) {
      brick.draw(g2);
    }
    g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
    g2.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 20));
    g2.drawString("Score: " + score, 20, 30);
    g2.drawString("Lives:" + lives, getWidth() - 100, 30);
  }
  private void checkCollisions() {
    if (ball.getBounds().intersects(paddle.getBounds())) {
      ball.bounceOffPaddle();
    }
    ArrayList
  bricksToRemove = new ArrayList<>();
 
    for (Brick brick : bricks) {
      if (ball.getBounds().intersects(brick.getBounds())) {
        score += 10;
        brick.hit();
        if (brick.isDestroyed()) {
          bricksToRemove.add(brick);
        } else {
          ball.bounceOffBrick();
        }
      }
    }
    bricks.removeAll(bricksToRemove);
    if (ball.getBottom() > getHeight()) {
      lives--;
      if (lives == 0) {
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Game Over", "Game Over", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
        System.exit(ABORT);
      } else {
        ball.reset();
      }
    }
    if (bricks.isEmpty()) {
      JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "You Win!", "You Win!", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
      System.exit(ABORT);
    }
  }
  private class Paddle {
    private final int WIDTH = 80, HEIGHT = 10, SPEED = 5;
    private int x, y;
    private boolean left, right;
    public Paddle() {
      x = (BrickPanel.this.getWidth() - WIDTH) / 2;
      y = BrickPanel.this.getHeight() - HEIGHT - 20;
    }
    public void draw(Graphics2D g) {
      g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
      g.fillRect(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    }
    public void keyPressed(int keyCode) {
      if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT)
        left = true;
       else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT)
        right = true;
      
    }
    public void keyReleased(int keyCode) {
      if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT)
        left = false;
       else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT)
        right = false;
      
    }
    public void move() {
      if (left && x > 0)
        x -= SPEED;
      
      if (right && x < BrickPanel.this.getWidth() - WIDTH) {
        x += SPEED;
      }
    }
    public Rectangle getBounds() {
      return new Rectangle(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    }
  }
  private class Ball {
    private final int DIAMETER = 20, SPEED = 5;
    private int x, y;
    private int dx = SPEED, dy = -SPEED;
    private Paddle paddle;
    public Ball(Paddle paddle) {
      this.paddle = paddle;
      x = paddle.getBounds().x + paddle.getBounds().width / 2;
      y = paddle.getBounds().y - DIAMETER;
    }
    public void move() {
      x += dx;
      y += dy;
      if (x < 0 || x + DIAMETER > BrickPanel.this.getWidth())
        dx = -dx;
      
      if (y < 0)
        dy = -dy;
      
    }
    public void bounceOffPaddle() {
      dy = -dy;
      if (x < paddle.getBounds().x + paddle.getBounds().width / 2)
        dx = -SPEED;
       else
        dx = SPEED;
      
    }
    public void bounceOffBrick()
      dy = -dy;
    
    public Rectangle getBounds() {
      return new Rectangle(x, y, DIAMETER, DIAMETER);
    }
    public int getBottom() {
      return y + DIAMETER;
    }
    public void reset() {
      x = paddle.getBounds().x + paddle.getBounds().width / 2;
      y = paddle.getBounds().y - DIAMETER;
      dx = SPEED;
      dy = -SPEED;
    }
    public void draw(Graphics2D g) {
      g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
      g.fillOval(x, y, DIAMETER, DIAMETER);
    }
  }
  private class Brick {
    private final int WIDTH = 40, HEIGHT = 20;
    private int x, y;
    private int hits;
    public Brick(int x, int y)
      this.x = x;
      this.y = y;
      hits = 3;
    
    public void hit()
      hits--;
    
    public boolean isDestroyed()
      return hits <= 0;
    
    public Rectangle getBounds() {
      return new Rectangle(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    }
    public void draw(Graphics2D g) {
      if (hits == 3) {
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
      } else if (hits == 2) {
        g.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
      } else if (hits == 1) {
        g.setColor(Color.RED);
      }
      g.fillRect(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    }
  }
}

这个类继承了JPanel类，并实现了ActionListener接口。它包含了游戏的各种元素，如球，挡板和砖块，并实现了它们的移动和碰撞检测等逻辑。

接下来是游戏运行的效果：

![](https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180501153742474)

结语

代码案例实现了一个简单的打砖块小游戏。Java虽然在游戏开发方面比不上C++和Unity等专门的游戏引擎，但对于一些简单的小游戏而言，完全是足够的。

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