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C++ 在Linux下生成DOC文件
2023-06-24 15:55:03 深夜i     --     --
C++ Linux 生成 DOC文件 文档

C++是一种高级编程语言,常用于开发各种软件和系统。Linux是一种开源的操作系统,越来越多的程序员倾向于在Linux系统下进行软件开发。在Linux下,将C++代码生成DOC(Word)文件可谓是一种常见的需求。本文将介绍如何在Linux下使用C++生成DOC文件。

1. 安装OpenOffice

OpenOffice是一款开源的办公软件,可以生成和编辑DOC文件。在Ubuntu系统下可以通过以下命令进行安装:


sudo apt-get install openoffice.org

其他Linux系统下可以在官网下载相应的安装包进行安装。

2. 安装UNO SDK

UNO SDK是用于将OpenOffice接口整合到C++程序中的软件包。使用UNO SDK可以在C++程序中调用OpenOffice的API,从而生成DOC文件。在Ubuntu下,可以通过以下命令进行安装:


sudo apt-get install libreoffice-sdk

其他Linux系统下可以在官网下载相应的安装包进行安装。

3. 编写C++程序

使用UNO SDK需要在C++程序中调用OpenOffice的API。以下是一个简单的示例程序,可以在Linux下生成一个包含“Hello, World!”的DOC文件。


#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <osl/file.hxx>

#include <osl/process.h>

#include <uno/lbnames.h>

#include <com/sun/star/lang/XMultiComponentFactory.hpp>

#include <com/sun/star/uno/XComponentContext.hpp>

#include <com/sun/star/frame/XComponentLoader.hpp>

#include <com/sun/star/frame/XStorable.hpp>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

  try

  {

    // 初始化 OpenOffice

    css::uno::Reference< css::uno::XComponentContext > xContext = css::uno::initialization::Bootstrap::createInitialComponentContext();

    css::uno::Reference< css::lang::XMultiComponentFactory > xServiceManager = xContext->getServiceManager();

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    // 创建新文档

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XComponentLoader > xComponentLoader(xServiceManager->createInstance(css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop")), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XStorable > xStorable(xComponentLoader, css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::util::URL aURL;

    aURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("private:factory/swriter");

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aEmptyArray;

    // 向文档中插入内容

    css::uno::Reference< css::frame::XModel > xModel = xComponentLoader->loadComponentFromURL(aURL.Complete, css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("_blank"), 0, aEmptyArray);

    css::uno::Reference< css::text::XText > xText(xModel->getCurrentController()->getXText(), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    css::uno::Reference< css::text::XTextCursor > xCursor(xText->createTextCursor(), css::uno::UNO_QUERY_THROW);

    xText->insertString(xCursor, css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("Hello, World!"), false);

    

    // 保存文档

    css::uno::Sequence< css::beans::PropertyValue > aMediaDesc(1);

    aMediaDesc[0].Name = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("MediaType");

    aMediaDesc[0].Value <<= css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("application/msword");

    css::util::URL aOutputURL;

    aOutputURL.Complete = css::util::OUString::createFromAscii("file:///home/user/Documents/hello.doc");

    xStorable->storeToURL(aOutputURL.Complete, aMediaDesc);

    printf("Document generated successfully!\n");

  }

  catch(css::uno::Exception& e)

  {

    printf("Error: %s\n", OStringToOUString(e.Message, RTL_TEXTENCODING_UTF8).getStr());

  }

  return 0;

}

4. 编译和运行程序

将以上代码保存为cpp文件,并使用以下命令进行编译:


g++ -o generate_doc generate_doc.cpp -luno_cppu -luno_cppuhelpergcc3 -luno_sal -luno_salhelpergcc3

编译成功后即可运行程序,使用以下命令:


./generate_doc

生成的DOC文件将保存在/home/user/Documents/hello.doc。

综上所述,使用C++在Linux下生成DOC文件需要安装OpenOffice和UNO SDK,并在C++程序中调用OpenOffice的API。以上示例程序可供参考,读者可以根据自己的需求修改程序。

  
  

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