Java是目前广泛应用于软件开发领域的编程语言之一，对于学习Java的学生而言，期末考试是必不可少的一项重要考验。在本文中，我们将介绍一道Java期末考试题，这道题目要求实现一个简单的成绩管理系统。

题目要求如下：

1.定义一个类`Student`，包含以下属性：姓名、年龄、成绩。

2.定义一个类`StudentSystem`，包含如下功能：

（1）添加学生信息

（2）修改学生信息

（3）删除学生信息

（4）查询学生信息

3.定义一个类`MainClass`，包含如下功能：

（1）实例化`StudentSystem`类

（2）通过`StudentSystem`类实现对学生信息的添加、修改、删除和查询操作

以下是代码实现：

public class Student {
  private String name;
  private int age;
  private int score;
  public Student(String name, int age, int score)
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.score = score;
  
  public String getName()
    return name;
  
  public void setName(String name)
    this.name = name;
  
  public int getAge()
    return age;
  
  public void setAge(int age)
    this.age = age;
  
  public int getScore()
    return score;
  
  public void setScore(int score)
    this.score = score;
  
}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentSystem {
  private List
  studentList;
 
  public StudentSystem() {
    studentList = new ArrayList
  ();
 
  }
  public boolean addStudent(Student student) {
    return studentList.add(student);
  }
  public boolean modifyStudent(Student student) {
    int index = studentList.indexOf(student);
    if (index != -1) {
      studentList.set(index, student);
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
  public boolean deleteStudent(Student student) {
    return studentList.remove(student);
  }
  public List
  queryStudentByName(String name) {
 
    List
  list = new ArrayList 
  
   ();
  
 
    for (Student student : studentList) {
      if (student.getName().equals(name)) {
        list.add(student);
      }
    }
    return list;
  }
  public List
  queryStudentByScore(int score) {
 
    List
  list = new ArrayList 
  
   ();
  
 
    for (Student student : studentList) {
      if (student.getScore() == score) {
        list.add(student);
      }
    }
    return list;
  }
}

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class MainClass {
  private static StudentSystem studentSystem;
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    studentSystem = new StudentSystem();
    showMenu();
  }
  private static void showMenu() {
    System.out.println("请选择操作：");
    System.out.println("1、添加学生信息");
    System.out.println("2、删除学生信息");
    System.out.println("3、修改学生信息");
    System.out.println("4、查询学生信息");
    System.out.println("5、退出");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    int choice = scanner.nextInt();
    switch (choice) {
      case 1:
        addStudent();
        break;
      case 2:
        deleteStudent();
        break;
      case 3:
        modifyStudent();
        break;
      case 4:
        queryStudent();
        break;
      case 5:
        System.exit(0);
        break;
      default:
        System.out.println("请输入正确的选项");
        showMenu();
        break;
    }
  }
  private static void addStudent() {
    System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    String name = scanner.next();
    System.out.println("请输入学生年龄：");
    int age = scanner.nextInt();
    System.out.println("请输入学生成绩：");
    int score = scanner.nextInt();
    Student student = new Student(name, age, score);
    boolean result = studentSystem.addStudent(student);
    if (result) {
      System.out.println("添加成功");
    } else {
      System.out.println("添加失败");
    }
    showMenu();
  }
  private static void deleteStudent() {
    System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    String name = scanner.next();
    System.out.println("请输入学生成绩：");
    int score = scanner.nextInt();
    List
  resultList = studentSystem.queryStudentByName(name);
 
    for (Student student : resultList) {
      if (student.getScore() == score) {
        boolean result = studentSystem.deleteStudent(student);
        if (result) {
          System.out.println("删除成功");
        } else {
          System.out.println("删除失败");
        }
      }
    }
    showMenu();
  }
  private static void modifyStudent() {
    System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    String name = scanner.next();
    System.out.println("请输入学生成绩：");
    int score = scanner.nextInt();
    List
  resultList = studentSystem.queryStudentByName(name);
 
    for (Student student : resultList) {
      if (student.getScore() == score) {
        System.out.println("请输入学生新姓名：");
        String newName = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生新年龄：");
        int newAge = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入学生新成绩：");
        int newScore = scanner.nextInt();
        student.setName(newName);
        student.setAge(newAge);
        student.setScore(newScore);
        boolean result = studentSystem.modifyStudent(student);
        if (result) {
          System.out.println("修改成功");
        } else {
          System.out.println("修改失败");
        }
      }
    }
    showMenu();
  }
  private static void queryStudent() {
    System.out.println("请选择查询方式：");
    System.out.println("1、按姓名查询");
    System.out.println("2、按成绩查询");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    int choice = scanner.nextInt();
    switch (choice) {
      case 1:
        queryStudentByName();
        break;
      case 2:
        queryStudentByScore();
        break;
      default:
        System.out.println("请输入正确的选项");
        queryStudent();
        break;
    }
  }
  private static void queryStudentByName() {
    System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    String name = scanner.next();
    List
  resultList = studentSystem.queryStudentByName(name);
 
    if (resultList.isEmpty()) {
      System.out.println("未查询到符合条件的学生");
    } else {
      for (Student student : resultList) {
        System.out.println(student.getName() + '\t' + student.getAge() + '\t' + student.getScore());
      }
    }
    showMenu();
  }
  private static void queryStudentByScore() {
    System.out.println("请输入学生成绩：");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    int score = scanner.nextInt();
    List
  resultList = studentSystem.queryStudentByScore(score);
 
    if (resultList.isEmpty()) {
      System.out.println("未查询到符合条件的学生");
    } else {
      for (Student student : resultList) {
        System.out.println(student.getName() + '\t' + student.getAge() + '\t' + student.getScore());
      }
    }
    showMenu();
  }
}

本文实现的成绩管理系统，可根据用户需求对学生信息进行添加、修改、删除和查询操作，方便高校教师和学生进行成绩管理。

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