Java编程入门：实现简单贪吃蛇游戏 |21xrx.com

Java编程入门：实现简单贪吃蛇游戏

2023-06-16 15:33:46 深夜i -- --

Java编程贪吃蛇游戏入门练习

贪吃蛇游戏是许多人童年时代的经典回忆，在现代社会中仍然备受欢迎。如果你正在学习Java编程，那么编写一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏项目是一个不错的入门练习，可以让你熟悉Java的语法和基本数据结构。下面是一个简单的Java代码示例：


import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class SnakeGame extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = -4274021636695594826L;
  private static final int ROWS = 30;
  private static final int COLS = 30;
  private static final int BLOCK_SIZE = 20;
  private static final int GAME_WIDTH = ROWS * BLOCK_SIZE;
  private static final int GAME_HEIGHT = COLS * BLOCK_SIZE;
  private int[][] map = new int[ROWS][COLS];
  private ImageIcon bodyIcon = new ImageIcon("body.png");
  private ImageIcon foodIcon = new ImageIcon("food.png");
  private JLabel[][] labelMap = new JLabel[ROWS][COLS];
  private JButton startButton = new JButton("Start");
  private JButton stopButton = new JButton("Stop");
  private Timer timer = null;
  private int snakeLength = 3;
  private SnakeGame() {
    this.setTitle("Snake Game");
    this.setSize(GAME_WIDTH + 200, GAME_HEIGHT + 100);
    this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    this.setResizable(false);
    JPanel gamePanel = new JPanel();
    gamePanel.setLayout(null);
    gamePanel.setBounds(0, 0, GAME_WIDTH, GAME_HEIGHT);
    for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < COLS; j++) {
        map[i][j] = 0;
        labelMap[i][j] = new JLabel();
        labelMap[i][j].setBackground(Color.white);
        labelMap[i][j].setBounds(BLOCK_SIZE * i, BLOCK_SIZE * j, BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE);
        gamePanel.add(labelMap[i][j]);
      }
    }
    map[10][10] = map[10][11] = map[10][12] = 1;
    labelMap[10][10].setIcon(bodyIcon);
    labelMap[10][11].setIcon(bodyIcon);
    labelMap[10][12].setIcon(bodyIcon);
    this.add(gamePanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    JPanel controlPanel = new JPanel();
    controlPanel.setLayout(null);
    controlPanel.setBounds(GAME_WIDTH, 0, 200, GAME_HEIGHT + 100);
    startButton.setBounds(50, 50, 100, 30);
    startButton.addActionListener(this);
    controlPanel.add(startButton);
    stopButton.setBounds(50, 100, 100, 30);
    stopButton.addActionListener(this);
    controlPanel.add(stopButton);
    this.add(controlPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);
  }
  @Override
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    if (e.getSource() == startButton) {
      timer = new Timer(500, new TimerListener());
      timer.start();
    } else if (e.getSource() == stopButton) {
      timer.stop();
    }
  }
  private class TimerListener implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
      int headX = 0, headY = 0;
      boolean isHeadFound = false;
      for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < COLS; j++) {
          if (map[i][j] == 1) {
            if (isHeadFound) {
              map[i][j] = 0;
              labelMap[i][j].setIcon(null);
            } else
              headX = i;
              headY = j;
              isHeadFound = true;
            
          }
        }
      }
      if (headX == ROWS - 1 || headY == COLS - 1 || headX == 0 || headY == 0) {
        timer.stop();
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Game over.");
        return;
      }
      if (map[headX + 1][headY] == 2 ||
        map[headX - 1][headY] == 2 ||
        map[headX][headY + 1] == 2 ||
        map[headX][headY - 1] == 2) {
        timer.stop();
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Game over.");
        return;
      }
      int oldHeadX = headX, oldHeadY = headY;
      if (map[headX + 1][headY] == 3) {
        snakeLength++;
        generateFood();
      } else if (map[headX - 1][headY] == 3) {
        snakeLength++;
        generateFood();
      } else if (map[headX][headY + 1] == 3) {
        snakeLength++;
        generateFood();
      } else if (map[headX][headY - 1] == 3) {
        snakeLength++;
        generateFood();
      } else {
        for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
          for (int j = 0; j < COLS; j++) {
            if (map[i][j] > 0) {
              map[i][j]++;
              labelMap[i][j].setIcon(bodyIcon);
              if (map[i][j] == snakeLength) {
                map[i][j] = 1;
                labelMap[i][j].setIcon(bodyIcon);
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
      if (map[oldHeadX + 1][oldHeadY] == 1) {
        map[oldHeadX + 1][oldHeadY] = 0;
        labelMap[oldHeadX + 1][oldHeadY].setIcon(null);
      }
      if (map[oldHeadX - 1][oldHeadY] == 1) {
        map[oldHeadX - 1][oldHeadY] = 0;
        labelMap[oldHeadX - 1][oldHeadY].setIcon(null);
      }
      if (map[oldHeadX][oldHeadY + 1] == 1) {
        map[oldHeadX][oldHeadY + 1] = 0;
        labelMap[oldHeadX][oldHeadY + 1].setIcon(null);
      }
      if (map[oldHeadX][oldHeadY - 1] == 1) {
        map[oldHeadX][oldHeadY - 1] = 0;
        labelMap[oldHeadX][oldHeadY - 1].setIcon(null);
      }
      map[oldHeadX + 1][oldHeadY] = 1;
      labelMap[oldHeadX + 1][oldHeadY].setIcon(bodyIcon);
    }
    private void generateFood() {
      int x = (int)(Math.random() * ROWS);
      int y = (int)(Math.random() * COLS);
      if (map[x][y] == 0) {
        map[x][y] = 3;
        labelMap[x][y].setIcon(foodIcon);
      } else {
        generateFood();
      }
    }
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new SnakeGame().setVisible(true);
  }
}

在这个示例代码中，我们定义了一个`SnakeGame`类，并在其中实现了`ActionListener`接口。程序入口函数（`main`）首先创建一个`SnakeGame`对象并将其设置为可见状态。接着，程序生成了一个游戏界面，包含一个`30 x 30`个格子的方格地图以及游戏控制按钮。

贪吃蛇的核心逻辑实现在`TimerListener`内部类中。这个类实现了`ActionListener`接口，每隔`500ms`执行一次。在每次执行时，程序会首先遍历地图，找到蛇头的位置以及是否吃到了食物。然后，程序会根据当前蛇头的位置计算出下一个蛇头的位置，并判断是否满足游戏失败的条件（撞墙或撞到自己），如果满足，则弹出游戏结束的提示框；如果不满足，则更新蛇的位置，同时更新地图上的显示。如果蛇头吃到了食物，则会增加蛇的长度，并在随机位置生成下一个食物。

这个示例代码仅实现了一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏，你可以尝试在此基础上进行扩展，增加更多的游戏元素。注意，这只是一个示例代码，请勿用于商业用途。

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