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Inheritance in C++
2023-07-10 18:16:50 深夜i     --     --
Inheritance C++ Base Class Derived Class Polymorphism

C++ is an object-oriented programming language that supports inheritance. Inheritance is a mechanism where a new class is derived from an existing class. The existing class is called the base class, and the new class is called the derived class.

Inheritance provides a way to establish a hierarchical relationship between classes. The derived class can inherit all the properties of the base class, including its data members and member functions. The derived class can also add new data members and member functions, or override existing ones.

In C++, there are two types of inheritance: public and private. Public inheritance allows the derived class to access the public members of the base class. Private inheritance allows the derived class to access the private members of the base class.

To implement inheritance in C++, we use the keyword "class" followed by the name of the new class, followed by a colon and the access specifier of the base class. For example, to create a derived class called "Rectangle" from a base class called "Shape", we would write:

class Rectangle : public Shape //public inheritance

  //class definition

;

We can also specify multiple base classes by separating them with commas. For example:

class Cuboid : public Rectangle, public Prism //multiple inheritance

  //class definition

;

Inheritance in C++ allows for code reuse and enhances the ability to create complex software systems. However, it can also lead to complex and difficult-to-understand code if used improperly. It's important to carefully plan the use of inheritance and ensure that the relationships between classes are well-defined.

In conclusion, inheritance is an essential feature of object-oriented programming and provides a powerful mechanism to create complex software systems. C++ provides robust support for inheritance, and understanding this feature is fundamental to becoming a proficient C++ programmer.

  
  

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