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【C++语言】学生成绩管理系统代码
2023-07-10 17:26:06 深夜i     14     0
C++ 学生成绩 管理系统 代码

C++是一种面向对象的编程语言，它有广泛的应用场景，其中之一就是用于创建学生成绩管理系统。这种系统可以帮助学校或教师管理学生成绩，提高教学质量。现在，我们来介绍一下C++语言实现学生成绩管理系统的代码。

首先，我们需要定义一个结构体来存储每个学生的信息，包括姓名、学号、年龄和各门课程的成绩等。代码如下：

struct student{
 char name[50];
 int rollno;
 int age;
 float marks[5];
};

接下来，我们可以定义一个类来实现各种管理操作，比如添加学生、删除学生、修改学生成绩等。代码如下：

class StudentManager{
 private:
  student s;
  FILE *fp;
 public:
  // 添加学生信息
  void add_student(){
   fp=fopen("student.dat","ab+");
   cout<<"\nEnter student details:";
   cout<<"\nName:";
   scanf("%s",s.name);
   cout<<"\nRoll:";
   cin>>s.rollno;
   cout<<"\nAge:";
   cin>>s.age;
   for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
    cout<<"\nMarks of subject "<<i+1<<":";
    cin>>s.marks[i];
   }
   fwrite(&s,sizeof(s),1,fp);
   fclose(fp);
   cout<<"\n\nStudent record added successfully";
  }
  
  // 显示学生信息
  void show_student(){
   fp=fopen("student.dat","rb");
   cout<<"\n\n\t\tDISPLAY ALL RECORD !!!\n\n";
   while(fread(&s,sizeof(s),1,fp)==1){
    cout<<"\nName:"<<s.name<<"\nRoll:"<<s.rollno<<"\nAge:"<<s.age<<"\n";
    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
     cout<<"\nMarks of subject "<<i+1<<":"<<s.marks[i];
    }
    cout<<"\n";
   }
   fclose(fp);
  }
  
  // 修改学生信息
  void modify_student(){
   int found=0;
   int rollno=0;
   fp=fopen("student.dat","rb+");
   cout<<"\nEnter student roll number to modify:";
   cin>>rollno;
   while(fread(&s,sizeof(s),1,fp)==1){
    if(s.rollno==rollno){
     cout<<"\nOld record is:";
     cout<<"\nName:"<<s.name<<"\nRoll:"<<s.rollno<<"\nAge:"<<s.age<<"\n";
     for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
      cout<<"\nMarks of subject "<<i+1<<":"<<s.marks[i];
     }
     cout<<"\nEnter new details:";
     cout<<"\nName:";
     scanf("%s",s.name);
     cout<<"\nRoll:";
     cin>>s.rollno;
     cout<<"\nAge:";
     cin>>s.age;
     for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
      cout<<"\nMarks of subject "<<i+1<<":";
      cin>>s.marks[i];
     }
     fseek(fp,-sizeof(s),SEEK_CUR);
     fwrite(&s,sizeof(s),1,fp);
     fclose(fp);
     found=1;
     break;
    }
   }
   if(found==0){
    cout<<"\nRecord not found";
   }
  }
  
  // 删除学生信息
  void delete_student(){
   int found=0;
   int rollno=0;
   fp=fopen("student.dat","rb+");
   FILE *ft;
   ft=fopen("temp.dat","wb+");
   cout<<"\nEnter student roll number to delete:";
   cin>>rollno;
   rewind(fp);
   while(fread(&s,sizeof(s),1,fp)==1){
    if(s.rollno!=rollno){
     fwrite(&s,sizeof(s),1,ft);
    }
    else
     found=1;
    
   }
   fclose(fp);
   fclose(ft);
   remove("student.dat");
   rename("temp.dat","student.dat");
   if(found==1){
    cout<<"\nRecord deleted successfully";
   }
   else{
    cout<<"\nRecord not found";
   }
  }
  
  // 查找学生信息
  void search_student(){
   int found=0;
   int rollno=0;
   fp=fopen("student.dat","rb");
   cout<<"\nEnter student roll number to search:";
   cin>>rollno;
   while(fread(&s,sizeof(s),1,fp)==1){
    if(s.rollno==rollno){
     cout<<"\nName:"<<s.name<<"\nRoll:"<<s.rollno<<"\nAge:"<<s.age<<"\n";
     for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
      cout<<"\nMarks of subject "<<i+1<<":"<<s.marks[i];
     }
     found=1;
     break;
    }
   }
   if(found==0){
    cout<<"\nRecord not found";
   }
   fclose(fp);
  }
};

最后，我们可以写一个主函数，在里面实例化刚才定义的类，并通过菜单方式来选择不同的操作。代码如下：

int main(){
 StudentManager manager;
 int choice;
 do{
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\tSTUDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM\n";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t===============================================";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t1.Add student record";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t2.Show student record";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t3.Modify student record";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t4.Delete student record";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t5.Search student record";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t\t6.Exit system";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\t===============================================";
  cout<<"\n\n\t\t\t\tEnter your choice:";
  cin>>choice;
  switch(choice){
   case 1:
    manager.add_student();
    break;
   case 2:
    manager.show_student();
    break;
   case 3:
    manager.modify_student();
    break;
   case 4:
    manager.delete_student();
    break;
   case 5:
    manager.search_student();
    break;
   case 6:
    exit(0);
    break;
   default:
    cout<<"\nWrong choice! Please try again";
    break;
  }
 }while(choice!=6);
 return 0;
}

这样，我们就完成了一个简单的学生成绩管理系统的代码，在实际应用中，还需要根据需求进行不同的扩展和优化，让其更加实用和健壮。

  
  

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