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《探索javascript游戏开发:从小游戏到大项目》
2023-06-11 19:25:02 深夜i     --     --
javascript 游戏开发 代码实例

javascript 是一门功能强大的编程语言,可以用来制作多种类型的游戏,从简单的益智游戏到复杂的3D游戏。在本文中,我们将从小游戏入手,逐步介绍如何用javascript来实现真正意义上的游戏。

1、打地鼠游戏

这是一个非常简单的示例,但是可以让我们了解javascript在游戏制作中的基本应用。我们用一个小方块来代表地鼠,当玩家点击地鼠时,方块会跳动,表示地鼠被打中。以下是代码实现:

script

var score = 0;

var time = 30;

var mole = document.getElementById("mole");

var countDown = document.getElementById("countdown");

var scoreBoard = document.getElementById("score");

mole.onclick = function() {

  mole.style.top = "60px";

  score++;

  scoreBoard.innerHTML = score;

}

var timer = setInterval(function() {

  time--;

  countDown.innerHTML = time;

  if (time == 0) {

    clearInterval(timer);

    alert("游戏结束,得分:" + score);

  }

}, 1000);

2、贪吃蛇游戏

贪吃蛇是一款经典的游戏,也是学习javascript游戏开发的好例子。我们用一个二维数组来表示游戏界面,用键盘控制蛇的移动,用循环来检测游戏是否结束。以下是代码实现:

script

var ROW = 20, COL = 20; //游戏界面大小

var snake = [row:3,row:2,col:1]; //蛇的初始化位置

var direction = 39; //蛇移动的方向

var food = null; //食物的位置

function renderMap() {

  var table = document.createElement("table");

  for (var i = 0; i < ROW; i++) {

    var row = document.createElement("tr");

    for (var j = 0; j < COL; j++) {

      var col = document.createElement("td");

      row.appendChild(col);

    }

    table.appendChild(row);

  }

  document.body.appendChild(table);

}

function renderSnake() {

  for (var i = 0; i < snake.length; i++) {

    var dom = document.querySelector("tr:nth-child(" + (snake[i].row + 1) + ") td:nth-child(" + (snake[i].col + 1) + ")");

    dom.className = "snake";

  }

}

function renderFood() {

  var row = Math.floor(Math.random() * ROW);

  var col = Math.floor(Math.random() * COL);

  while (isOnSnake(row, col)) {

    row = Math.floor(Math.random() * ROW);

    col = Math.floor(Math.random() * COL);

  }

  var dom = document.querySelector("tr:nth-child(" + (row + 1) + ") td:nth-child(" + (col + 1) + ")");

  dom.className = "food";

  food = row:row;

}

function startGame() {

  renderMap();

  renderSnake();

  renderFood();

  setInterval(function() {

    moveSnake();

    renderSnake();

  }, 500); //蛇每隔500毫秒移动一次

}

window.onkeydown = function(event)

  direction = event.keyCode;

function moveSnake() {

  var head = {row:snake[0].row, col:snake[0].col};

  switch (direction) {

    case 37: head.col--; break; //向左移动

    case 38: head.row--; break; //向上移动

    case 39: head.col++; break; //向右移动

    case 40: head.row++; break; //向下移动

  }

  snake.unshift(head); //将头部加入蛇队列

  if (isEatFood(head.row, head.col)) {

    renderFood();

  } else {

    snake.pop(); //将尾部弹出蛇队列

  }

}

function isOnSnake(row, col) {

  for (var i = 0; i < snake.length; i++) {

    if (snake[i].row == row && snake[i].col == col)

      return true;

    

  }

  return false;

}

function isEatFood(row, col) {

  if (row == food.row && col == food.col)

    return true;

  

  return false;

}

function isGameOver() {

  var head = snake[0];

  if (head.row < 0 || head.row >= ROW || head.col < 0 || head.col >= COL)

    return true;

  

  for (var i = 1; i < snake.length; i++) {

    if (snake[i].row == head.row && snake[i].col == head.col)

      return true;

    

  }

  return false;

}

3、3D射击游戏

现在我们来挑战一个更难一些的游戏,用javascript制作一个3D射击游戏。我们可以用canvas来实现3D渲染效果,利用鼠标和键盘来控制游戏人物的移动和射击。以下是代码实现:

script

var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");

var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

var WIDTH = canvas.width, HEIGHT = canvas.height;

//创建3D场景

var scene = new THREE.Scene();

//创建游戏人物

var character = new THREE.Mesh(

  new THREE.CubeGeometry(20, 60, 20), //人物的形状

  new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color:0xff0000}) //人物的颜色

);

character.position.set(0, 30, 0); //设置人物的初始位置

scene.add(character);

//创建游戏地图

var map = new THREE.Mesh(

  new THREE.CubeGeometry(800, 20, 800), //地图的形状

  new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color:0x00ff00}) //地图的颜色

);

map.position.set(0, -10, 0); //设置地图的位置

scene.add(map);

//创建游戏相机

var camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, WIDTH/HEIGHT, 1, 10000);

camera.position.set(0, 100, 200);

camera.lookAt(character.position);

scene.add(camera);

//创建游戏灯光

var light = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff);

light.position.set(0, 400, 0);

light.target = character;

light.castShadow = true;

scene.add(light);

//渲染3D场景

var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer(

  alpha: true

);

renderer.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);

renderer.setClearColor(0x000000, 0);

//创建游戏事件

var raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();

var mouse = new THREE.Vector2();

var shootBullets = [];

document.addEventListener('mousedown', onDocumentMouseDown, false);

document.addEventListener('keydown', onKeyDown, false);

function onDocumentMouseDown(event) {

  event.preventDefault();

  mouse.x = (event.clientX / WIDTH) * 2 - 1;

  mouse.y = - (event.clientY / HEIGHT) * 2 + 1;

  raycaster.setFromCamera(mouse, camera);

  var bullet = new THREE.Mesh(

    new THREE.SphereGeometry(5, 5, 5), //子弹的形状

    new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color:0xffff00}) //子弹的颜色

  );

  bullet.position.set(character.position.x, 60, character.position.z);

  shootBullets.push(bullet);

  scene.add(bullet);

}

function onKeyDown(event) {

  switch (event.keyCode) {

    case 37: character.position.x -= 10; break; //向左移动

    case 38: character.position.z -= 10; break; //向上移动

    case 39: character.position.x += 10; break; //向右移动

    case 40: character.position.z += 10; break; //向下移动

  }

}

function render() {

  renderer.render(scene, camera);

  requestAnimationFrame(render);

}

function update() {

  for (var i = 0; i < shootBullets.length; i++) {

    shootBullets[i].position.z -= 10;

    if (shootBullets[i].position.z < -800) {

      scene.remove(shootBullets[i]);

      shootBullets.splice(i, 1);

      i--;

    }

  }

}

function animate() {

  requestAnimationFrame(animate);

  update();

}

render();

animate();

  
  

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